as for what a 100% crop is... most of the pictures you see on the forum have been resized because at 100% it would be bigger than the screen and hard to view. so people resize the picture from say 3000x2000 to 600x400.
but if you want to have a good look at how noisy a camera is, or how much chromatic aberration you get from a certain lens, or just to compare equipment side by side, it's much easier to see the details when the image is 100%
so to do this on the web, people post 100% crops: they crop out small sections of the picture, and DON'T resize it. e.g. crop out a 600 pixel x 400 pixel section of a 3000x2000 picture, and post it.