(Quick translation of interview with Ogawa Haruo, originally published in Japanese by DC Watch; the translator takes no responsibility for the accuracy of this translation)
(Original:
http://dc.watch.impress.co.jp/cda/dslr/2008/08/11/9015.html)
Last week, Olympus and Panasonic announced Micro Four Thirds as an extension of the Four Thirds Standard. By reducing the flange-back distance to 1/2 that of previous standard, and reducing the mount diameter by 6mm, it represents a branch out from the Four Thirds standard (which is being continued as before), that makes it possible to reduce the size of camera and exchangeable lenses.
We spoke to the head of Olympus Imagings SLR division, Ogawa Haruo (interviewer is Honda Masakazu).
■ The Four Thirds Ideal does not change with Micro Four Thirds
Before entering the main theme of our interview, Mr. Ogawa said he wanted to appeal once more to the strengths of the Four Thirds standard. Weve heard rumors that this announcement means Olympus is going to abandon 4/3. But we are already scheduling to announce multiple 4/3 bodies within this year, and we have absolutely no intention of abandoning the 4/3 standard. So here, I first of all want people to stop thinking that the announcement of Micro 4/3 (hereinafter M4/3 ) means that 4/3 fans have been betrayed.
Mr. Ogawa was originally a technician and spent 20 years occupied in research. During his time in the labs, around 1996 research was progressing quite nearby regarding the issue of the optimum SLR system for digital cameras.
During the film era with manual-focus cameras, we at one time abandoned the OM mount and withdrew from the world of SLRs. So we thought, if we didnt consider the past, and started out from zero, what kind of design would produce the ultimate balance of high image quality (equivalent to the 35mm SLR system) and portability? It was in response to that question that the 4/3 system was born.
Ogawa contined with conviction, At that point back in 1996, we were already thinking that lenses needed a minimum MFT of around 200 linesthats about five times the resolution necessary for film lenses, which were okay with 50. Naturally, there were also issues about light falloff at the edges, degradation of resolution, moire, and false color [CA, etc.]. We said, wow, thats a tall order. Conventional thinking and common sense wont be enough here. 4/3 was announced in September, 2003, but that kind of step-by-step research lay in the background to that announcement. In short, 4/3 was our answer to the question of what kind of format would be optimum for producing sufficient resolution while preserving portability, so were not about to throw that out and redefine another format.
He added, I want to say something about the issue of telecentricity. Its often said that the reason for seeking telecentricity is because light wont reach the bottom of deep wells if it doesnt enter at the perpendicular. But in fact, there are a lot of other issues involved. Will (the sensor) resolve all the way to the borders? Can you aggressively create the images you want? For example, the depiction of the deep sky color sometimes called Olympus blue. We can achieve that kind of color because we are bring the ideal light to the sensor.
We often hear the knee-jerk response that image quality is bad because the sensor is small, but excellent images cannot be produced except by excellent imaging produced by excellent lenses. Lots of manufacturers are heading toward 35mm full-frame sensors, but they have to be facing considerable issues, such as light falloff at the peripheries, MTF degradation, and chromatic aberration.
Needless to say, if you produced lenses for full-sized sensors that were 4x the size of 4/3 lenses, you could produce the same image results with full-sized sensors. And there are opinions to the effect that some of the shortcomings of lenses can be made up for by electronic means. But at Olympus we didnt want to digitalize the SLR by such short-sighted tactics.
■ Liveviewa pivotal role in the standard
DCW: A lot of people, myself included, have said to Olympus that wed like another 4/3one that made greater use of the compact size of the sensor and allowed a shorter back-focus distance [note: back focus here means the distance from the rear-most lens surface to the imaging (sensor) surface; according to Wikipedia Japan, its often confused with flange-back distance, but theyre not the same] and utilized EVF or liveview, or a rangefinder. Its likely that those kinds of opinions were heard within Olympus as well, so how long have you been working to cook up the M4/3 standard?
OGAWA: First of all, it was necessary for us to produce high-performance bodies that would satisfy 4/3 fans. In addition, we introduced bodies with IS and smaller bodies that made greater use of the compact sensor size, in that way producng a general lineup of models for the 4/3 system. Only then could we set our hand to the M4/3 system.
But producing a concept and actually bringing it to market are two completely different things. Even with the issue of shortening retro focus, we made sure that the new standard would support the stock of previous 4/3 lenses. Then again, by shortening the back-focus distance, it was necessary to eliminate the mirror box, so it was important to consider the timing when substitute products with fully practical performance [I assume he means EVF, etc.] would be available.
DCW: This time the announcement was a joint announcement with Panasonic, but what new was produced in your joint talks?
OGAWA: M4/3 was something that was brought to fruition jointly with Panasonic. Panasonic has been in the 4/3 camp since 2003, but even back then this kind of talk was being banded about. Both of us were asking, Will a real camera come out of this? and Can we make optimum use of 4/3?and from those talks the M4/3 was born.
To predicate a system on the removal of the mirror box is much easier to say than to accomplish in fact. First of all, things like liveview and EVF have to be able to function practically or the system is useless. And since it was necessary to make autofocus of the contrast detection type, it was necessary to proceed jointly on the development of the LiveMOS sensor. But 4/3 had implied that kind of development from the beginning. Thats why we already had it in our minds to support lenses for contrast AF by updating the firmware.
DCW: In your press release materials you use two different expressions, digital single-lens system and digital single-lens reflex system, but is this because with the flange-back of only 20mm it makes the reflex an impossiblity? Based on size calculations alone, it would seem that if you eliminated the dust removal device, it would be barely possible to introduce a swinging mechanism
..
OGAWA: Its probably impossible to put in a mirror under the present [M4/3] standards. I wouldnt say absolutely but the dust reduction system (even though its not actually included as a part of the standard) is implictly understood to be there. Further, although the flange-back is said to be about 1/2 the previous value, thus around 20mm, the precise measurements differ. Thats because the mechanical dimensions are not made public to parties outside the 4/3 consortium.
■ Shooting styles with high degree of freedom
DCW: I wonder how much more compact a system M4/3 can be compared to the current 4/3 standard. For example, in the conventional, standard zoom range?
OGAWA: The Four Thirds standard utilized a long back-focus distance in order to enhance the telecentricity in all focal lengths, from ultra-wide to ultra-telephoto. Also, an essential benefit of the FourThirds system is that it makes it possible to reduce the size of telephoto lenses. But wide-angle lenses unfortunately have to be made larger. However, there was the potential that advances in lens technology would make it possible to solve that issue.
In fact, the ZD ED 9-18mm f4-5.6 lens announced just recently would have been unthinkable before. It was only because it became possible to mass-produce an aspherical lens with enormous variable ratio that it was possible to make it a compact lens without sacrificing image quality.
The question of how small just depends on the designwhat kind of lens to make it. Compactness is important, of course, but after all, one chooses an interchangeable lens camera because one wants things like defocuisng characteristics (bokeh), the overall way the image comes together, depth of color, and so on. If the lens isnt good, the image quality wont be good. More than simply making the lens compact, its necessary to ensure that fundamental imaging quality is high on the optical level right out to the edges, and without compensation using digital technology.
DCW: Yes, thats all very clear, but doesnt the consumer also want to know, even roughly, what kind of lens system--and body systemits going to be?
OGAWA: Both body and lens will be smaller than the (current) FourThirds system. That goes without saying. Also, since the mirror box will be eliminated, the viewfinder can be freely positioned anywhere, so it should be possible to propose shooting styles offering a degree of freedom unattainable before. Of course, this means the potential to develop displays that show shooting information on the EVF and liveview.
