Thanks Andy for the test info.
One similar result of the test is that the flash coverage seems to decrease if you set either +ve exp comp or flash comp. There is no general change in shutter speed or aperture (wonder why in S mode, the shutter speed changes - shouldn't it stay constant?). So what is happening? The conclusion I draw (again correct me if you think I am not making any sense), is that under the situation that the shutter speed cannot be decreased anymore (ie. its already at its min of 1/focal length), the way the camera deals with either +ve exp comp or flash comp is to allow the flash to provide more light. From the drop in coverage, I suppose this is done via having a longer flash pulse (and hence more light). Notice that with both exp and flash comp, the coverage is even shorter and hence this shows that setting both results in a cumulative compensation.
In the event that its outdoors/daylight and using fill flash, the shutter speed selected by the camera (say in A mode) will most likely be > 1/focal length or even > sync speed with HSS. In this case, since the shutter speed can still be lowered, setting a +ve exp comp will result in a slower shutter speed.
Making any sense?
Jerry