it's good to see that you're really inquisitive, and wanting to learn more about photography.
However, I seriously caution you against learning photgraphy this way, by asking what kind of settings used for ______ situation.
In essence photography is something like painting with light, albeit with a fairly complicated set of "paintbrushes".
The #1 step is to understand your equipment really well, like the difference between spot, center-weighted, and evaluative (or matrix) metering, and how these settings affect the shot you're gonna take.
Once you're fairly familiar, it's time to experiment. When the shot you take isn't captured the way you want, you must deduce the 'mistake' you've made based on your knowledge of your equipment.
For example i've taken shots with flash, and when I see the review on my LCD is super-blue, straight away I go "oh, damn... forgot to set the WB correctly", and then I make the necesary correction.
Nobody can give you the "magic settings". You can see that bro PrimePhotog gave you a range of shutter speeds from 5s to 1/8000s, which pretty much covers all the available shutter speeds except the long exposures and 'bulb'...
