Okay science,
There are many kind of rechargable, but now we take about 2 of them 
1) nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH)
2) lithium-ion (Li-Ion)
Both type has different way charging which your charger will handle. At different voltage, the charging current and voltage will change.
NiMH has memory effect is battery term is cyclic memory, which mean it remember how many times it have been charged and discharge. As the number of cycle increase, the voltage output and total energy discharge decrease. 
This happened because chemical inside the battery form crystal onto the electrode plate, it will happen no matter what you do. This crystallization increase when the battery is charged for too long or it is not totally discharge before charging.
To remove these crystal, a process call conditioning is used. A small discharge current of low voltage is pump into the battery, it will "exercise" or breakup the crystal. Some advance battery charger will do that. Otherwise, try to discharge the NiMH every 3 months use or no use to increase it life.
Li-Ion battery dun have the memory effect, thus it can be charged at anytime. But due to old thinking, manys discharge totally. Being discharge totally actually cause strain to the battery, as the chemical do not like heat. It is the heat that cause aging. The battery actually like slow charging and little charging as possible. So you should charge as soon as you can. Total charging and discharge cause a lot of heat to the battery.
Another tip, remove the battery from laptop once it is charged, if u are still using it. The heat from laptop age the battery.