Remember our eyes see things in perpetual continuty like a video but camera captures collective light in oics over a variable duration. To the camera,it's jus a circle and its eventual tonal intensity is quite variably dependent on the proportion it and the overall exposure set will affect it. Any brighter in life can eventually ends up darker in the final pic if the shutrter duration is short OR bright if the shutter duration is long.
Thats where the Exposure compensation comes in where we need to tell the camera what to do by our manual judgement in which we deem to be too dark or bright..
Like wad Luna_sea says : Exposure Compensation is mainly used in P,A and S mode and it's adjustable after exposure calculate based on ur metering modes..
Hope the above helps
Cheers
Very cheeem, but i dun think it is very correct! and i dun think it helps TS queries much.